Provera contains the active ingredient medroxyprogesterone acetate. It is a prescription progestin, which is a laboratory-made hormone that acts similarly to the natural hormone progesterone.
Progesterone helps regulate the menstrual cycle and controls the growth of the uterine lining. Provera may be prescribed to manage certain menstrual problems, trigger menstrual-like bleeding, or protect the uterus during estrogen therapy.
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Provera may be used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding caused by a hormonal imbalance. This may include bleeding that is unusually heavy, prolonged, frequent, irregular, or unpredictable.
During a normal menstrual cycle, estrogen causes the uterine lining to grow, while progesterone helps stabilize the lining and prepare it to shed. When ovulation does not occur or progesterone levels are too low, the lining may continue to build up and eventually bleed irregularly.
Provera helps control the growth of the uterine lining. After a prescribed course ends, the drop in progestin levels may cause the lining to shed in a more predictable way.
Before prescribing Provera, your healthcare provider may investigate other possible causes of abnormal bleeding. These may include pregnancy, fibroids, polyps, infections, thyroid problems, bleeding disorders, medication effects, or abnormal changes in the uterus.
Secondary amenorrhea
Provera may also be prescribed for secondary amenorrhea. This means menstrual periods have stopped in someone who previously had periods.
Absent periods can have many causes, including pregnancy, stress, major weight changes, intense exercise, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disorders, reduced ovarian function, or other hormonal conditions.
When Provera is used for secondary amenorrhea, it is usually taken for a limited number of days. After treatment ends, withdrawal bleeding may occur as the uterine lining sheds.
A withdrawal bleed often occurs within several days after the final dose, although the timing can vary. Bleeding after treatment does not necessarily mean that the underlying cause of the missed periods has been corrected. Additional testing or treatment may still be needed.
Protecting the uterine lining during estrogen therapy
Provera may be prescribed to postmenopausal women who still have a uterus and are taking estrogen therapy.
Estrogen can help relieve menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. However, estrogen used by itself can cause the uterine lining, called the endometrium, to become too thick.
This abnormal thickening is called endometrial hyperplasia. Over time, certain types of endometrial hyperplasia may increase the risk of endometrial cancer.
Adding Provera for part of the treatment cycle helps balance the effects of estrogen. It limits excessive growth of the uterine lining and encourages the lining to shed.
People who have had their uterus removed generally do not need a progestin solely to protect the uterine lining. Individual treatment plans may vary depending on medical history and other health considerations.
How Provera works
Provera acts on progesterone receptors in the body. In the uterus, it changes the lining from a growing state into a more stable state.
Depending on why it is prescribed, Provera can:
- Control excessive growth of the uterine lining
- Help make irregular bleeding more predictable
- Trigger withdrawal bleeding after treatment ends
- Reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia during estrogen therapy
Provera does not treat every cause of abnormal or absent menstrual periods. Your healthcare provider may need to perform tests to identify the cause of your symptoms before or during treatment.
Provera and pregnancy prevention
Provera tablets are not a contraceptive and should not be relied on to prevent pregnancy.
Medroxyprogesterone acetate is also available as a contraceptive injection, but this is a different product with a different dose, schedule, and purpose.
Use an appropriate form of birth control if pregnancy prevention is needed. Ask your healthcare provider which method is suitable for you.
What results can you expect?
When Provera is used for abnormal bleeding or secondary amenorrhea, withdrawal bleeding may occur several days after the last dose.
The amount and duration of bleeding can vary. Contact your healthcare provider if no bleeding occurs, if the bleeding is extremely heavy, or if it continues longer than expected.
When Provera is used with estrogen, you may not feel it working. Its main purpose is to protect the uterine lining over time. Depending on the prescribed schedule, you may experience monthly bleeding or spotting.
Important treatment considerations
Tell your healthcare provider if you have unexplained vaginal bleeding, a history of breast cancer or another hormone-sensitive cancer, blood clots, stroke, heart attack, liver disease, or an allergy to medroxyprogesterone acetate.
Provera may cause side effects such as headache, breast tenderness, bloating, nausea, mood changes, dizziness, or changes in vaginal bleeding.
Report any unusual vaginal bleeding promptly, especially if you have already gone through menopause. Attend regular follow-up appointments so your healthcare provider can review your bleeding pattern, treatment response, and ongoing need for therapy.
Take Provera exactly as prescribed. Do not change your dose, treatment schedule, or length of treatment without speaking with your healthcare provider.
REVIEWS